Veterinary Sciences and Medicine | Veterinary Journals

Abstract

Two β-lactamics Resistance Genes Detection in Nosocomial Bacteria of Veterinary Interest

Author(s): Navarro C, Arros M, Jara MA, Mosnaim AD

Nosocomial bacteria acquisition of resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents is a critical concern in medical practice since may result in patient’s increased morbidity and mortality. Additionally, it causes an increased cost to the patient and medical centers as it generates complications and a longer hospital permanency. The information that allows bacteria to develop mechanisms of resistance is found in its genome, having the ability to be transferred in horizontal way to other bacteria. In order to improve pathogen control protocols associated with this type of infection we need to develop a procedure for the dynamic tracing of nosocomial bacterial species, establishing a constant feedback of information regarding their existence, and the characteristics of the environmental responsible for their appearance. This protocol should include identifying the genes responsible for antimicrobial resistance in different species and an analysis of their epidemiological relationship, looking for safeguarding public and animal health.

The objective of this research is to identify the most frequent bacterial genes that confer resistance to the beta-lactam antimicrobials (ampicillin and methicillin). Thus, using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, we analyzed sixty-seven samples obtained (2007 and 2008) from clinical veterinary centers of the University of Chile. Amplification by PCR detected DNA fragments from the blaTEM gene in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Also the mecA gene was detected in Gram-positive bacteria.

Our results, showing a high number of bacteria expressing these genes, should generate great concern to those responsible for the veterinary hospital participating in this study, and strongly suggest that every effort should be made to solve this problem.